Each strand of hair is made up of keratin protein, composed of a soft inner structure that is protected by strong, overlapping scales of the outer cuticle. When your hair is colored, the outer scales flare outward to allow the chemicals access to the inner core. Bleaching hair lighter strips the inner strand as it removes pigment from this segment, while coloring hair darker merely adds pigment.

Overuse or improper use of the chemicals in bleach and hair dye weakens the strands and can permanently damage the hair. This often occurs when the color is left on too long, the concentration of chemicals is too high, or the hair is too often subjected to bleach or dye. With the outer scales flared out, not only are you left with a dry and frizzy appearance, but the inner core is no longer protected. The strand is then further susceptible to damage from heating tools, hair products, ultraviolet light and air pollution. This can result in split ends and breakage which are mended only by a haircut.

There is hope for those who want to color their hair without damaging the locks. Consider patronizing salons that use organic hair color or purchase organic brands for at-home dyeing. These are less damaging to your tresses, not to mention they provide longer lasting color. Choose a color within three shades of your natural hue and, if possible, consider going darker rather than lighter. Semi-permanent dye does not wreak as much havoc on the strands as permanent color, however, should permanent color be necessary, request that your stylist only do a root touch-up rather than coloring the entire length of the hair. Keep an eye on the time so that the dye is not on your hair too long. The stylist should not be distracted or far enough away that you cannot get her attention in case the product causes burning or itching.

Short of no longer dyeing your hair, increase the length of time between colorings as much as possible. There is no need to have your hair colored more than every six to eight weeks at most. In addition to using shampoo and conditioner that are specifically for color-treated hair, apply a deep-conditioning treatment once a week. Leave the treatment in the hair for five to 10 minutes before rinsing, or keep it in overnight to wash out in the morning. It's perfectly fine to shampoo every other shower, but processed hair really needs conditioner for hydration.