For most people, the term zucchini conjures up images of green fruits ready for shredding and baking in cakes and breads. But zucchinis range in color from various shades of green to nearly black, with or without stripes. Zucchini also comes in shades of yellow and gold, often referred to as golden zucchini. Distinguishing yellow zucchini from straight neck yellow squash poses a problem for some, but once you learn the difference, you’ll never be fooled again.

Although yellow zucchini and yellow straight neck squash have a similar color, their shape is different. Zucchini grows long and cylindrical and the diameter of the fruit does not change from end to end. Yellow straight neck squash tapers to a narrow neck where it attaches to the vine. The body of the fruit looks slightly swollen and bulbous, like an elongated pear. The blossom end of the yellow zucchini is blocky, while the end of the yellow squash is typically more rounded.

Like other zucchinis, yellow zucchini can grow to lengths of 20 inches or more and weigh in at more than 10 pounds. Yellow squash does not reach these monstrous sizes and typically stops growing at about 7 to 8 inches long. Yellow squash typically develops toughened skin and deepens in color if left on the vine after it reaches this size. Some yellow squash develop a bumpy skin as they mature. Although they can be eaten at this stage, many prefer to discard overly mature yellow squash as the skin is tough and the insides are filled with large seeds.

Yellow zucchini has a distinctive flavor that is sweeter than either green zucchini or yellow squash. The flesh is firm and crisp, but tends to be slightly softer than yellow squash when cooked. While both zucchini and yellow squash can be eaten raw in salads, the flavor isn't the same. Yellow squash lends a nutty flavor, while young zucchini tastes more like fresh cucumbers.

Because both zucchini and yellow squash are types of summer squash, they are often used interchangeably in recipes. Harvesting them when they are young and tender, typically at a length of 6 to 8 inches, produces the best fruit for eating raw or adding to recipes. Mature zucchini, including the yellow zucchini, are often shredded and used in baking cakes or breads.