The petite tenderloin is a small muscle located on the outside of a steer's shoulder, where it acts primarily as a placeholder supporting other muscles. It's known to specialists as the teres major muscle, and it's one of the tenderest on the entire animal. Like the larger and better-known tenderloin, it's very lean and free of gristle or connective tissue. Given that fat, toughness and connective tissue are the three things that make a cut suitable for slow cooking, the petite tender is a poor choice for most slow-cooking methods.

The exception is a few styles of very low temperature cooking, including slow-roasting and water bath, or "sous vide," cooking. When meats are cooked at very low temperatures, the proteins that make up the muscle tissue gently become firm without ever contracting and toughening, as they would at high heat. Slow roasting takes place at temperatures as low as 225 degrees Fahrenheit, and sous vide cooking can be even lower. These techniques yield a very tender, juicy petite tenderloin, but it lacks the savory flavors of high-temperature grilling or broiling. Most chefs compensate by quickly browning the outer surfaces either before or after the slow-cooking process.

An individual petite tenderloin averages around 10 ounces, suitable for one large appetite or two smaller portions. They can be grilled or broiled while, or sliced into thick medallions for grilling, broiling or pan-searing. Chefs generally cook petite tenders at a very high temperature to sear or even char the outer surface, while warming the interior to rare or medium-rare. If the tender is cooked whole, it's then sliced crosswise to create serving portions. Grilled or broiled medallions, like filet mignon, are usually plated one or two at a time with a suitable sauce and side dishes.

The petite tenderloin also lends itself well to use as a small, upscale roast, similar in weight to a pork tenderloin but slightly wider and flatter in shape. It can be crusted with fresh-cracked pepper or a mixture of herbs and breadcrumbs, if you wish, or simply seared ahead of time in a hot skillet. Roast the petite tender at 425 F until it reaches your desired degree of doneness. A small petite tender cooked to rare might require as little as 15 minutes, while a larger tender cooked to medium-rare might take as long as 25 minutes. Let the tenderloin rest for at least 5 minutes before carving it.